Comparison of man’s peripheral anatomy with that of other primates reveals a number of specializations of face bones and muscles especially in chimpanzee and gorilla does not render a study of anatomy useless in our attempts to understand the biological foundations of speech and language. The general configuration of the vocal tract has undergone geometric transformations in man which have a direct effect upon the acoustics of universal human speech sounds.
人類的外部解剖與其他靈長類動物比較之下，顯示了一些特別的人臉骨骼和肌肉，尤其是在黑猩猩和大猩猩，研究解剖的無效並不影響我們試圖了解生物的基礎語言。一般在人類聲帶的構造經歷了幾何變換，對於普遍語言的聽覺有直接影響的關係。
The alterations of the vocal tract that are specific to man can hardly be explained as adjustment to a different diet or as peculiar adaptations to any other vital function. Nevertheless, we do not attribute these peculiarities to any primeval need for communication or for making speech sounds, because such teleological arguments are repugnant to the scientific outlook. On the other hand, it is not impossible that some aspect of sound-making efficiency might not have played into the mechanisms of natural selection during the history of the species.
改變遺傳基質的聲帶道所特有的人很難被解釋為調整不同的飲食或特殊適應任何其他重要功能。儘管如此，我們並不把這些任何特殊屬性的溝通或發出聲音的行為當成原始需要，因為這些論點的目的是反對的科學展觀。另一方面，這不是不可能從某一些方面去決策健全的效率，在自然物種選擇歷史的過程中，有可能沒有發揮到機制。
Man’s central nervous system presents several innovations. Among them there is at least one that is directly related to language, namely the lateralization of function or, in other words, left-hemisphere dominance. In addition to the right to left displacement of function, there is also an antero-posterior polarization within the left hemisphere because anterior lesions disturb predominantly motor aspects of language, whereas the more posterior ones tend to involve predominantly sensory aspects. The histological differentiation of the cerebral cortex and the cortico-thalamic fiber-connections have no clearly demonstrable language specify. Language and speech are not merely represented in the cortex, but there seem to be language-correlated functions that also involve subcortical and mid-brain structures.
人的中樞神經系統提出了若干創新。其中至少有一個是直接相關的語言，即側化的功能，換言之，就是左西半球的主導地位。除了從右向左位移的功能，也有另ㄧ邊後側化後的左半球是因為先前損害干擾語言引擎的方面，而更後的往往涉及主要感官方面的問題。該組織分化的大腦皮質和皮質丘腦光纖連接沒有明顯的語言清楚地說明。語言和言語不只是代表的皮質，但似乎有語言的相關職能，也涉及皮質和中腦的結構。
The large size of the human brain cannot be attributed specifically to the exercise of language functions.
In general, it is not possible to assign any specific neuro-anatomic structure to the capacity for language. However, this capacity may be due to structural innovations on a molecular level. Language is probably due to the peculiar way in which the various parts of the brain work together or, in other words, to its peculiar function.
人類的大腦規模龐大，不能歸咎於具體行使的語言功能。 一般來說，語言是不可能指定任何特定的神經解剖結構的能力。但是，這種能力可能是由於體制創新的分子標準。語言可能是由於獨特的方式的各部分大腦共同努力，換言之，是大腦特有的功能。
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